cerevisiae are also reviewed, and advantage is taken of the complete genomic sequence to predict globally the substrates of CKII in this organism. The identity and properties of known CKII substrates in S. Consistent with this, isolation of multicopy suppressors of conditional cka mutations has identified three genes that have a known or potential role in either the cell cycle or cell polarity: CDC37, which is required for cell cycle progression in both GI and G2/M ZDS1 and 2, which appear to have a function in cell polarity and SUN2, which encodes a protein of the regulatory component of the 26S protease. Analysis of null and conditional alleles of these genes identifies a requirement for CKII in at least four biological processes: flocculation (which may reflect an effect on gene expression), cell cycle progression, cell polarity, and ion homeostasis. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CKII is composed of two catalytic and two regulatory subunits encoded by the CKA1, CKA2, CKB1, and CKB2 genes, respectively. This review summarizes available data on CKII of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a view toward defining the possible physiological role of the enzyme. Glover III, in Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology, 1997Ĭasein kinase II (CKII) is a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase that is ubiquitous in eukaryotic organisms.
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